Regulated Noxious Aquatic Weeds
Compiled from Federal and State confirmed lists, available online or provided by State agencies. See notes and additional information below.
Download as PDF: Invasive Plants August 2012
| Scientific Name | Common Name | States | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aeschynomene indica | Indian Jointvetch | HI | |
| Aeschynomene rudis | Rough Jointvetch | CA | |
| Aeschynomene virginica | Curly Indigo | AR | |
| Alternanthera philoxeroides | Alligatorweed | AL, AZ, AR, CA, FL, PR, SC, TX | |
| Alternanthera sessilis | Sessile Joyweed | CA, DE, FL, MA, PR | |
| Alternanthera spp. | Joyweed | AR, PR | |
| Arundo donax | Mediterranean Reed | TX | |
| Azolla pinnata | Mosquito Fern, Water Velvet | ID, MA, OK, OR | FED |
| Bacopa spp. | Waterhyssop | PR | FOT |
| Brasenia schreberi | Watershield | PR | |
| Butomus umbellatus | Flowering Rush | CT, ID, IN, MI, MN, MT, NH, OR, SD county regulated, VT, WA, WI, City of Chicago | FOT |
| Cabomba caroliniana | Purple Fanwort | CA, CT, ID, MA, ME, MI, MN regulated, NH, Nassau County NY, PR, VT, WA, WI | FOT |
| Cabomba piauhyensis | Fanwort | WA | |
| Cabomba spp. | Fanwort | PR | FOT |
| Callitriche stagnalis | Pond Water-Starwort | CT | |
| Calotropis procera | Giant Milkweed | PR | |
| Canna flaccida | Canna | PR | FOT |
| Cardamine impatiens | MN, Long Island NY, Canada | ||
| Casuarina spp. | Australian Pine | FL | |
|
Caulerpa taxifolia
Calif Fish and Game Code Sec 2300 bans Caulerpa:
taxifolia, cupressoides, mexicana, sertulariodes, floridana,
ashmeadii, racemosa, verticillata, and scapelliformis
|
Mediterranean Caul. clone these spp are regulated under a different law than most CA noxious weeds |
MA, MD, OK, OR | FED |
| Cephalanthus occidentalis | Buttonbush | PR | FOT |
| Ceratophyllum demersum | Coontail | PR | FOT |
| Ceratophyllum spp. | Coontail | PR | FOT |
| Cicuta maculata | Water Hemlock | NV | |
| Colocasia esculenta | Wild Taro | PR | FOT |
| Colocasia spp. | Taro | HI (p) (q) | FOT |
| Crassula helmsii | Swamp Stonecrop | FL, MN, NC, WA, WI, Canada | |
| Crinum americanum | Swamp Lily | PR | FOT |
| Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii | Cylindro | MI, WI (possible contaminent on aquatic plants) | |
| Cyperus esculentus | Yellow Nutsedge | CA, CO, HI, MI, OR, WA | |
| Cyperus odoratus | Flatsedge | PR | |
| Cyperus rotundus | Purple Nutsedge | AR, CA, OR | |
| Cyperus spp. | Nutgrass | RI | FOT |
| Didymosphenia geminata | Didymo or Rock Snot | WI (possible contaminent on aquatic plants) | |
| Egeria (Elodea) densa | Brazilian Elodea | AL, CT, ID, IN, MA, ME, MI, MN regulated, NC, NH, Nassau County NY, OR, PR, SC, VT, WA, WI, City of Chicago, IN prohibits the sale of Egeria in Garden Centers but not Pet Stores | FOT |
| Egeria najas | CA | ||
| Eichhornia azurea | Anchored Waterhyacinth | AR, AZ, LA, MA, OK, OR, TX | FED |
| Eichhornia crassipes | Waterhyacinth | AL, AR, AZ, CA county regulated, LA, PR, SC, TX, City of Chicago | FOT |
| Eichhornia spp. | Waterhyacinth | FL, PR | FOT |
| Eleocharis baldwinii | Slender Spikerush | PR | |
| Eleocharis spp. | Spikerush | PR | |
| Elodea canadensis | Common Elodea | LA, ME | |
| Epilobium hirsutum | Hairy Willow Herb | MA, WA, WI | |
| Equisetum telmateia | Giant Horsetail | OR | |
| Fallopia japonica | Japanese Knotweed | MI, Nassau County NY, VT | |
| Glossostigma diandrum | Mud Mat | OK, WA | |
| Glyceria maxima | Manna Grass | MA, WA, WI | |
| Haplotyme | SD county regulated | ||
| Heracleum mantegazzianum | Giant Hogweed | ID, MA, MI, Nassau County NY, WI | |
| Houttuynia cordata | City of Chicago | FOT | |
| Houttuynia cordata 'Variegata' | Chameleon Plant | City of Chicago | FOT |
| Hydrilla hydrilla | Hydrilla | CO | |
| Hydrilla verticillata | Hydrilla | AZ, CA, CT, FL, ID, LA, MA, ME, MI, MS, MT, NH, NV, Nassau County NY, OK, OR, PR, SC, TX, VT, WA, WI, City of Chicago, Canada | FED |
| Hydrocharis morsus-ranae | Frogbit | CA, ID, IN, ME, MI, MN, NH, Nassau County NY, VT, WA, WI, City of Chicago | FOT |
| Hydrocotyle spp. | Pennywort | PR | FOT |
| Hydrocotyle umbellata | Water Pennywort | PR | |
| Hygrophila polysperma | Hygrophila, Miramar weed | CA, FL, MA, OK, OR, VT | FED |
| Ipomoea aquatica | Chinese Waterspinach | FL, MA, MN regulated, OK, TX, City of Chicago | FED |
| Ipomoea fistulosa | Bush Morningglory | FL | |
| Ipomoea spp. | Morningglory | AZ, AR, MI, PR | |
| Ipomoea triloba | Threelobe Morningglory | AZ, FL, PR | |
| Iris pseudacorus | Yellow Flag Iris | CT, ID, IN, MA, MN, MT, Long Island NY, OR, VT, WA, City of Chicago | FOT |
| Iris virginica | Blue Flag | PR | FOT |
| Juncus effusus | Soft Rush | PR | FOT |
| Lachnanthes caroliniana | Redroot | PR | |
| Lagarosiphon major | Oxygen weed | CA, MA, MI, OK, OR, TX, WI | FED |
| Lagarosiphon spp. | African Elodea | FL, LA, MI, NC, OK | |
| Lemna valdiviana | Valdivia Duckweed | PR | |
| Limnobium laevigatum | Sponge Plant | CA | |
| Limnobium spongia | American Frogbit | CA, PR | FOT |
| Limnocharis flava | Sawah Flowering Rush, Velvet Leaf | FL | |
| Limnophila indica | Ambulia | CA, Canada | |
| Limnophila sessiliflora | Ambulia | CA, FL, MA, OK, OR, Canada | FED |
| Ludwigia alternifolia | Bushy Waterprimrose | PR | |
| Ludwigia grandiflora | Nassau County NY, Canada | ||
| Ludwigia hexapetala | Uruguay Waterprimrose | NC, SC, WA | |
| Ludwigia peploides | Water Primrose | Nassau County NY | FOT |
| Ludwigia peruviana | Water Primrose | CA, Canada | |
| Ludwigia repens | Floating Waterprimrose | PR | |
| Ludwigia spp. | Waterprimrose | PR | FOT |
| Ludwigia uruguayensis | Uruguay Waterprimrose | NC, SC | |
| Luziola fluitans | Southern Watergrass | PR | |
| Lysimachia nummularia | Creeping Jenny | MA, Nassau County NY 1/1/2011 | FOT |
| Lysimachia vulgaris | Garden Loosestrife | CT, Nassau County NY 1/1/2011, WA | |
| Lythrum alatum | Winged Loosestrife | NH, TN | |
| Lythrum salicaria | Purple Loosestrife | AL, AZ, AR, CA, CO, CT, FL, ID, IL, IN, IA, LA, MA, MI, MN, MO, MT, NC, NE, NV, NH, ND, Nassau County NY, OH, OK, OR, PA, SD, TN, TX, UT, VA, VT, WA, restricted WI, WY, City of Chicago | |
| Lythrum spp. (not native to specific state) | Loosestrife | AR, MI, MT, NC, PA, TN, WA, WI | |
| Lythrum virgatum | Wand Loosestrife | IA, MN, MT, NE, NV, NH, ND, SD, TN, WA | |
| Marsilea minuta | Dwarf Four Leaf Clover | OK | |
| Marsilea mutica | Variegated Four Leaf Clover | OK | FOT |
| Marsilea quadrifolia | Four Leaf Clover | CT, OK, Canada | FOT |
| Mechamandra alternifolia | FL | ||
| Melaleuca quinquenervia | Melaleuca | DE, FL, LA, MA, NC, OK, TX | |
| Mentha aquatica | Aquatic Mint | ID(q), MT(q), NE(q), WY(q) | FOT |
| Micranthemem umbrosum | Globifera | PR | |
| Mimosa pigra | Giant Sensitive Plant | FL | |
| Miscanthus floridulus | Miscanthus | HI | |
| Miscanthus sacchariflorus | Silver Grass | MA | |
| Monochoria hastata | Monochoria | FL, MA, OK, OR | FED |
| Monochoria vaginalis | Pickerelweed | FL, MA | FED |
| Murdannia keisak | Marsh Dew Flower | WA | |
| Myosotis scirpoides | Forget-me-not | CT, MA | FOT |
| Myriophyllum aquaticum | Parrotfeather | AL, CA county regulated, CT, ID, IN, MA ,ME, MI, MN regulatedNV, NH, Nassau County NY, OR, VT, WA, WI, PR, City of Chicago, Canada | FOT |
| Myriophyllum heterophyllum | Variableleaf Watermilfoil | CT, ID, MA, ME, NH, Long Island NY, VT, WA | |
| Myriophyllum pinnatum | ME, Nassau County NY 1/1/2011 | ||
| Myriophyllum proserpinacoides | ME | ||
| Myriophyllum spicatum | Eurasian Watermilfoil | AL, CA, CO, CT, FL, ID, IN, LA, MA, ME, MI, MN, MT, NH, NC, NV, Nassau County NY, OR, PR, SC, SD, TX, VT, WA, restricted WI, City of Chicago | |
| Myriophyllum spp. | Milfoil | ME, PR | FOT |
| Najas marina | Marine Naiad | CT | |
| Najas minor | Slender-Leaved Naiad | CT, IN, LA, MA, ME, MN, NC, NH, SC, WA, WI, Canada | |
| Nelumbo lutea | American Lotus | CT, PR | FOT |
| Nitellopsis obtusa | Starry Stonewort | MI, WI | |
| Nuphar luteum | Spatterdock | PR | FOT |
| Nymphaea mexicana | Banana Waterlily | CA, PR | |
| Nymphaea odorata | Fragrant Waterlily | CA, PR | FOT |
| Nymphaea spp. | Waterlily | CA county regulated | |
| Nymphoides cristata | Crested Floating Heart | NC | |
| Nymphoides indica | Water Snowflake | NC | |
| Nymphoides peltata | Yellow Floating Heart | CT, ID, MA, ME, MI, NH, Nassau County NY, OR, VT, WA, WI, Canada | FOT |
| Orontium aquaticum | Goldenclub | PR | FOT |
| Oryza rufipogon | Wild Red Rice | FL | |
| Oryza sativa var. | Red Rice | AR | |
| Ottelia alismoides | Duck-lettuce | OK | FED |
| Panicum antidotale | Blue Panicgrass | CA | |
| Panicum hemitomon | Maidencane | PR | |
| Panicum miliaceum | Wild Proso Millet | CO, OR | |
| Panicum repens | Torpedo Grass | AL, AZ, HI, LA, TX | |
| Peltandra virginica | Arrow-arum | PR | FOT |
| Phalaris arundinacea | Reed Canary Grass | MA, Long Island NY, WI regulated | |
| Phragmites australis | Common Reed | AL, CT, ID, MA, MI, NC, NE, NH, Nassau County NY, PR, SC, SD county regulated, VT, restricted WI | |
| Phragmites australis aurea | Variegated Dwarf Common Reed | CT, MA, MI, NC, VT | FOT |
| Phragmites australis 'Candy Stripe' | Candy Stripe Reed | CT, MA, MI, NC, VT | |
| Phragmites communis | Common Reed | CT, NC, SC, NH | |
| Pistia spp. | Water Lettuce | SC | FOT |
| Pistia stratiotes | Waterlettuce | AL, CA county regulated, CT, FL, LA, PR, SC, TX | FOT |
| Polygonum x bohemicum | Bohemian Knotweed | ID, Long Island NY, WA | |
| Polygonum cuspidatum | Japanese Knotweed | AL, CA, CO, ID, MA, Long Island NY, OR, WA, WI, WV | |
| Polygonum perfoliatum | Mile-a-minute | MA, NC, Long Island NY, OH, PA, WI | |
| Polygonum polystachyum | Himalayan Knotweed | CA, OR, WA | |
| Polygonum sachalinense | Giant Knotweed | CA, CO, ID, Long Island NY, OR, SD, county regulated, WAm WI | |
| Polygonum spp. | Knotweed | MT, PR | |
| Pontederia cordata | Pickerelweed | PR | FOT |
| Pontederia rotundifolia | Tropical Pickerelweed | FL | |
| Pontederia spp. | Pickerelweed | LA | FOT |
| Potamogeton crispus | Curly Leaf Pondweed | AL, CT, ID, IN, MA, ME, MI, MN, MT, NH, Long Island NY, VT, restricted WI | |
| Potamogeton illinoensis | Illinois Pondweed | PR | |
| Potamogeton pectinatus | Sago Pondweed | PR | |
| Potamogeton spp. | Pondweed | PR | |
| Potentilla recta | Sulfur Cinquefoil | CA, CO, MT, NV, OR, SD county regulated, WA, WY county regulated | |
| Ranunculus acris | Tall Buttercup | MT | |
| Ranunculus ficaria | Lesser celandine | Long Island NY | |
| Ranunculus lingua | Greater Spearwort | City of Chicago | FOT |
| Rorippa amphibia | Water Yellowcress | MA | |
| Rorippa microphylla | Oneroe Yellowcress | CT | |
| Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum | Watercress | CT | |
| Rotala rotundifolia | Roundleaf Rotala | CA | |
| Rumex spp. | Water Dock | AR | FOT |
| Sagittaria graminea | Slender Arrowhead | PR, WA | FOT |
| Sagittaria lancifolia | Lanceleaf Arrowhead | PR | FOT |
| Sagittaria latifolia | Common Arrowhead | PR | FOT |
| Sagittaria platphylla | Delta Arrowhead | WA | |
| Sagittaria sagittifolia | Arrowhead | MA, NC, OK, Canada | FED |
| Sagittaria spp. | Arrowhead | PR | FOT |
| Salvinia auriculata | Salvinia | CA, CA, MA, MI, OK, VT | FED |
| Salvinia biloba | Giant Salvinia | CA, MA, OK, VT | FED |
| Salvinia herzogii | Giant Salvinia | CA, MA, MI, OK, VT | FED |
| Salvinia minima | Water Spangles | Canada | |
| Salvinia molesta | Giant Salvinia | AR, AZ, CA, CO, CT, ID, MA, MD, MI, MS, NV, OK, OR, TN, VT | FED |
| Salvinia spp. | Waterfern | FL (excludes S. minima), LA, MI, NC (excludes S. minima), OR, PR, TX | |
| Saururus cernuus | Lizardstail | PR | FOT |
| Schinus terebinthifolius | Brazilian-pepper | FL | |
| Schoenoplectus mucronatus | Ricefield Bulrush | WA | |
| Scirpus spp. | Bulrush | PR | FOT |
| Solanum cardiophyllum | Heartleaf Nightshade | CA | |
| Solanum carolinense | Horsenettle | AZ, AR, AK, CA, HI, IA, MI, NV | |
| Solanum dimidiatum | Torrey's Nightshade | CA | |
| Solanum elaeagnifolium | White Horsenettle | AR, MI, NV | |
| Solanum nigrum | Black Nightshade | CO, MI | |
| Solanum rostratum | Buffalobur | ID | |
| Solanum tampicense | Wetland Nightshade | MA, MI, OK | FED |
| Sparganium erectum | Exotic Bur Reed | FL, MA, OK | FED |
| Spartina alterniflora | Smooth Cordgrass | OR, WA | FOT |
| Spartina anglica | Common Cordgrass | OR, WA | |
| Spartina densiflora | Spartina… | OR, WA | |
| Spartina patens | Saltmeadow Cordgrass | OR, WA | FOT |
| Spirodela oligorhiza | Giant Duckweed | LA, TX | |
| Spirodela polyrhiza | Giant Duckweed | PR | |
| Stachys floridana | Florida Betony | NC | |
| Stratiotes aloides | Water-aloe | AL, FL, SC | FED |
| Thalia geniculata | Bent Alligator-Flag | PR | FOT |
| Trapa bicornus | Water Caltrap | WA | |
| Trapa natans | Water Chestnut | AL, AZ, CT, ID, IN, MA, ME, MI, MN, NH, Long Island NY, OR, SC, VT, WA, WI, City of Chicago, Canada | FOT |
| Trapa spp. | Water Chestnut | FL, LA, MI, NC | FOT |
| Typha angustifolia | Narrow-Leaf Cattail | IN, WI | FOT |
| Typha x glauca | Cattail Hybrid | restricted WI | FOT |
| Typha spp. | Cattail | PR | FOT |
| Utricularia foliosa | Leafy Bladderwort | PR | |
| Utricularia inflata | Swollen Bladderwort | WA | |
| Utricularia spp. | Bladderwort | PR | |
| Vossia cuspidata | Hippo Grass | FL | |
| Zizania aquatica | Annual Wildrice | PR | FOT |
Notes & Additional Information
FED – Federal Noxious Weed List
FOT – Frequently Offered in the Trade
p – permit required
q – quarantine required
Genus spp. listing indicates any/all subspecies are prohibited. (Example: Thypha spp. = any/all Cattails are prohibited to PR)
List excludes weeds designated as "Control is county option"
FL list provided by their Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services
FL, NC, SC (as well as many other states) also adopt the list of Federal Noxious Weeds
MN also adopts the list of Federal Parasitic & Terrestial Noxious Weeds
PR (Puerto Rico) is also regulated as a state
This list is regularly updated on:
www.iwgs.org
www.pondtrademag.com
www.watergardenersinternational.org
Please send updates to: kelly@marylandaquatic.com
Please send updates to kelly@marylandaquatic.com
Compiled by
Kelly Billing, Nursery Manager, Maryland Aquatic Nursery